Session expiration guide

This guide gives operators one place to see how each state treats expiration of gift certificates, gift cards, and stored value — the body of law most likely to matter when you set a validity period for sessions and FlowCodes. The FlowMoose dashboard links here from a product’s Expiration setting, landing on the state where your facility operates. FlowMoose researched every summary against primary sources — statutes on official legislature sites, attorney-general guidance, and unclaimed-property administrators — with research current as of July 2, 2026.

A note on how to read the classifications: these statutes were written for gift certificates and stored monetary value, and whether they cover a FlowMoose session at all is often unsettled. Definitions vary — some states require a stated dollar amount, some expressly include prepaid services, and some exempt admission passes. A session is a token for a specific thing at a specific place, taxed at the point of purchase like any completed sale; a gifted FlowCode sits closer to the classic gift-certificate mold. Each state section includes a short note on this scope question, and “no state-specific rule found” means exactly that — not that expiration is unregulated (see the federal baseline below).

As with our Operator Terms, FlowMoose gives you the ability to set or remove expiration but does not provide legal advice and is not responsible for your choices. Expiration is fixed when a session or FlowCode is sold — changing a product’s Expiration setting only governs future purchases, never ones already made. A session held for a booking that is later cancelled — by the customer or by you — gets back exactly the time it spent held, so a cancellation never costs validity. In the FlowMoose app, a session with no expiration shows no expiration line at all; one that expires shows its date, counted down in days once it is within 30 days.

Federal baseline: the CARD Act

The short version: for a setting that is safe whether or not the CARD Act covers your sessions, use “No expiration” or a fixed window of at least 1,827 days — five years even across leap years, well within FlowMoose’s 5,000-day maximum. Anything shorter depends on the coverage question below, which is one for your counsel.

Federal law sets a floor under the state rules on this page. The CARD Act (15 U.S.C. § 1693l-1) and Regulation E (12 C.F.R. § 1005.20) make it unlawful to sell a covered gift certificate, store gift card, or general-use prepaid card whose underlying funds expire earlier than five years after issuance — or after the last load, for reloadable cards — and require that any expiration terms be clearly and conspicuously disclosed. Dormancy, inactivity, and service fees are barred unless the instrument has sat unused for at least a year, the fees are disclosed on it, and at most one fee is charged per month. States remain free to be stricter: a state law survives federal preemption whenever it protects consumers more than the federal rule (15 U.S.C. § 1693q), which is why the state sections below still matter.

Whether these federal rules reach FlowMoose sessions at all is a genuinely open question. Every covered category is defined as a device issued “in a specified amount,” and the CFPB’s official commentary says devices redeemable “for a specific good or service, or ‘experience,’ such as a spa treatment, hotel stay, or airline flight” are generally not covered, because they are not issued in a specified amount (official comment 20(a)-3). A session is a token for one visit or service at one facility, is never denominated in dollars, and cannot be reloaded — all of which points away from coverage. There is also an express exclusion for devices “redeemable solely for admission to events or venues at a particular location or group of affiliated locations” (12 C.F.R. § 1005.20(b)(6)), which may fit venue-style operators such as zoos, pools, and climbing gyms. On the other side of the ledger: the commentary confirms that a gifted digital code is otherwise a covered “electronic promise” (comment 20(a)-2), a code marketed with a stated dollar value — “a $50 value” — is pulled back into coverage, and the admission exclusion requires that the device be usable solely for admission. No regulator or court has applied these rules to prepaid session products as far as our research found, so we present the arguments without resolving them. Coverage is a question for your counsel.

Alabama

Alabama has no statute specifically limiting gift-certificate or gift-card expiration dates, and no state cap on dormancy or service fees. For instruments that qualify as gift certificates or store gift cards under the federal CARD Act, the federal rules — no expiration of underlying funds earlier than five years from issuance or last load, and no inactivity fees until twelve months of non-use — are the operative limits for sales in the state.

What Alabama does regulate is what happens to unredeemed value. Under the Uniform Disposition of Unclaimed Property Act of 2004, a gift certificate is presumed abandoned three years after June 30 of the year it was sold, and a certificate redeemable in merchandise only is reportable at 60 percent of its face value. There is a notable carve-out: certificates issued or maintained by a business engaged primarily in selling tangible personal property at retail are exempt from reporting — a goods-retailer exemption that, by its terms, does not obviously extend to service and admission businesses.

Does this law reach sessions? Alabama has no consumer-protection definition of “gift certificate” because it has no expiration statute; the unclaimed-property act simply lists “gift certificate” — alongside “unused ticket” — among credits owed a customer from a retail business transaction, without requiring a stated dollar amount. A prepaid single-visit session, or a gifted FlowCode, is not clearly outside that broad property language, and the reporting exemption turns on the issuer primarily selling tangible goods at retail, which most session-based venues are not.

Key authorities: Ala. Code § 35-12-72(a)(17) (presumption of abandonment); Ala. Code § 35-12-73(b)(1) (retail gift-certificate reporting exemption); Alabama State Treasurer, Dormancy Period Guide

Verify current Alabama law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Alabama. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Alaska

Alaska has no statute specifically limiting gift-certificate or gift-card expiration dates or fees. Bills that would have added consumer rules — HB 49 (2007–08), HB 64 (2009–10), and HB 75 (2011–12) — each died in committee, so for instruments that qualify as store gift cards or gift certificates under the federal CARD Act, the federal five-year floor on expiration and twelve-month inactivity-fee rule are the operative limits.

Alaska’s real lever is unclaimed property. Under Alaska Stat. § 34.45.240, a gift certificate issued in the ordinary course of business that goes unclaimed for more than three years after becoming payable is presumed abandoned, and the amount presumed abandoned is the price the purchaser paid — with no retailer or gift-card exemption of the kind many states provide. Unredeemed value can therefore become reportable to the Department of Revenue’s Treasury Division, which materially affects how issuers account for expired or dormant instruments.

Does this law reach sessions? Alaska’s only statutory definition sits in the unclaimed-property act, and it is broad: a “gift certificate” is “an obligation of a business association arising from a transaction between the business association and a consumer to provide goods or services at a future date.” Services are expressly covered and no stated dollar amount is required, so a prepaid single-visit session — purchased for oneself or gifted as a FlowCode — plausibly falls inside for escheat purposes. No narrower consumer-protection definition exists to exclude it.

Key authorities: Alaska Stat. § 34.45.240 (gift certificates and credit memos); Alaska Stat. § 34.45.760 (definitions); Alaska Legislature, HB 75 (27th Leg.) bill history

Verify current Alaska law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Alaska. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Arizona

Arizona prohibits expiration dates on the value behind a gift card. Under A.R.S. § 44-7402, the underlying monies on a gift card may not be subject to an expiration date, and a gift card may not be subject to a fee of any kind. The physical card, or a code or device associated with it, may carry an expiration date only if the card clearly and conspicuously discloses that the underlying value does not expire and that the consumer may contact the issuer for a replacement; for electronic gift cards that disclosure must appear in the message that delivers the card number or code. The sole penalty is a civil penalty of up to $500 per card.

The statute exempts promotional and loyalty cards issued without payment, cards sold below face value or donated to nonprofits for fundraising, and bank-issued prepaid products not marketed as gift cards. On the back end, Arizona’s unclaimed-property law expressly excludes gift certificates, electronic gift cards and stored value cards from the definition of escheatable “property,” so unredeemed balances are not reportable to the state.

Does this law reach sessions? Arizona defines a “gift card” broadly: any gift certificate, gift card, electronic gift card “or any other medium” for which the issuer received payment of the full face or banked dollar value for the future purchase or delivery of goods or services. Services are expressly covered, and a gifted FlowCode fits the gifting pattern the statute targets. Because a session is a visit credit rather than a dollar balance, the “underlying monies” framing is an awkward fit — but the definition contains no admission, single-use, or services exemption.

Key authorities: A.R.S. § 44-7402; A.R.S. § 44-7401 (definitions); A.R.S. § 44-301 (unclaimed property definitions)

Verify current Arizona law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Arizona. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Arkansas

Arkansas restricts gift-card expiration through its Fair Gift Card Act (Ark. Code Ann. §§ 4-88-701 to -706). A gift certificate, store gift card, or general-use prepaid card may not be sold or issued with an expiration date earlier than two years from the date of issuance or sale, and no dormancy, inactivity, or service fee may be charged during those first two years. After two years, expiration and post-sale fees are permitted only if the terms are printed clearly and conspicuously in at least 10-point type on the card — or disclosed in writing before an electronic sale, or orally in a telephone sale — and disclosed terms may not be changed after purchase unless the change benefits the holder.

Federal law layers a five-year floor on top for dollar-denominated store gift cards, which the Arkansas Attorney General’s consumer guidance highlights alongside the state rules. On escheat, Arkansas excludes gift certificates and gift cards issued by a person “in the business of selling tangible personal property at retail” from its Unclaimed Property Act — wording that leaves services-only issuers less clearly within the exclusion.

Does this law reach sessions? Arkansas defines a “gift certificate” as a written promise, usable at a single merchant, “issued in a specific amount,” purchased on a prepaid basis and honored for goods or services. A session token is sold at a price but denominated in visits, so whether it is “issued in a specific amount” is debatable. Services are expressly covered and the Act has no admission or event exemption, so a gifted FlowCode — an electronic promise redeemable at one facility — plausibly falls within the definition.

Key authorities: Ark. Code Ann. § 4-88-703; Ark. Code Ann. § 4-88-702 (definitions); Ark. Code Ann. § 4-88-704 (exclusions); Ark. Code Ann. § 18-28-201 (unclaimed property definitions); Arkansas Attorney General — Gift Cards

Verify current Arkansas law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Arkansas. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

California

California generally prohibits selling gift certificates that carry expiration dates. Civil Code § 1749.5 makes it unlawful to sell a gift certificate — a term that expressly includes gift cards and electronic gift cards — with an expiration date or a service fee, and a certificate sold without an expiration date is valid until redeemed or replaced. Narrow exceptions cover certificates distributed free under awards, loyalty, or promotional programs; certificates sold below face value to nonprofits or employers for fundraising with an expiration of 30 days or less; and certificates issued for perishable food products. A dormancy fee is allowed only on a reloadable card whose balance is $5 or less, capped at $1 per month after 24 consecutive months of inactivity, with 10-point-type disclosure.

Senate Bill 22 (Stats. 2025, ch. 207) updated the law effective April 1, 2026, raising the small-balance cash-redemption right from under $10 to under $15. On escheat, gift certificates governed by the statute are exempt from California’s Unclaimed Property Law, though a certificate that has an expiration date and was given for value remains escheatable (Code Civ. Proc. § 1520.5).

Does this law reach sessions? California defines “gift certificate” by inclusion — the term covers gift cards and electronic gift cards — rather than by a required dollar amount, and the statute contains no services, admission, or single-visit carve-out. A prepaid session redeemable at one facility, and a gifted FlowCode carrying the same promise, therefore plausibly fall within it; the perishable-food and promotional exceptions do not obviously reach facility visits. Multi-seller cards with a printed expiration date are the main definitional exclusion.

Key authorities: Cal. Civ. Code § 1749.5; Cal. Civ. Code § 1749.45 (definition); SB 22 (Stats. 2025, ch. 207); Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 1520.5

Verify current California law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for California. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Colorado

Colorado has no statute limiting gift-card expiration dates, so the federal CARD Act’s five-year floor is the operative expiration limit for instruments that law reaches. What Colorado law does regulate is fees: Colo. Rev. Stat. § 6-1-722 makes it unlawful to sell a gift card — defined as a prefunded record of a “specific monetary value” redeemable for goods, services, or anything of value — that carries a service, dormancy, inactivity, maintenance, “or any other type of fee,” and it requires issuers to redeem remaining balances of five dollars or less in cash on request. Paper-only certificates, promotional and loyalty cards, and cards usable across multiple unaffiliated sellers fall outside the section.

The unclaimed-property side carries real weight for issuers. Under Colorado’s Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act, a gift card is presumed abandoned five years after the later of purchase or last use, and since July 1, 2020 the full unredeemed value — not just amounts above the former $25 deduction — is reportable to the state, unless the issuer’s annual gross receipts from gift-card sales are $200,000 or less.

Does this law reach sessions? Section 6-1-722 defines a “gift card” as a prefunded record of a “specific monetary value,” though it expressly reaches agreements to provide services. A single-visit session token denominated in visits rather than dollars sits uneasily in that wording, and gifting a FlowCode does not obviously change the analysis, since the statute regulates fees rather than expiration in any event. The unclaimed-property act’s “stored-value card” definition likewise turns on a “value or amount shown in the record.” Whether either reaches a visit-denominated credential is unsettled.

Key authorities: Colo. Rev. Stat. § 6-1-722; Colo. Rev. Stat. § 38-13-207; Colo. Rev. Stat. § 38-13-219; Colo. Rev. Stat. § 38-13-102 (definitions)

Verify current Colorado law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Colorado. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Connecticut

Connecticut flatly prohibits expiration dates on gift certificates. Under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-460, no person may sell or issue a gift certificate subject to an expiration date, and neither the certificate nor any agreement about it may contain language even suggesting that an expiration date may apply. The ban keys to § 3-56a’s broad definition, which covers records promising that goods or services will be provided “to the value shown in the record,” including gift cards, electronic gift cards, and stored-value certificates. Section 3-65c separately bars dormancy, inactivity, and similar fees on the same instruments.

Connecticut once required issuers to report unredeemed gift-certificate value to the Treasurer, and § 42-460(b) still references that reporting; since 2005, however, § 3-73a(e) exempts gift certificates and general-use prepaid cards from the state’s unclaimed-property law, so unredeemed value no longer escheats to the state. Bank-issued “general-use prepaid cards” follow § 42-460a instead: the underlying funds may not expire, though the card itself may carry an expiration date with required disclosures and a five-year availability policy.

Does this law reach sessions? Connecticut’s definition reaches any record “evidencing a promise, made for consideration” that “goods or services will be provided to the owner of the record to the value shown in the record,” and expressly includes electronic gift cards and stored-value certificates. A prepaid session token is a paid-for promise of a service, though whether a non-dollar, single-visit record shows a “value” is untested; a gifted FlowCode — bought by one person, redeemed by another — fits the classic gift-certificate pattern even more squarely. The statute has no admission or events exemption.

Key authorities: Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-460 (Chapter 743cc); Conn. Gen. Stat. §§ 3-56a(5), 3-65c, 3-73a(e) (Chapter 32); Conn. Dep’t of Consumer Protection, Gift Certificates and Gift Cards; Conn. Judicial Branch Law Library, Connecticut Law About Gift Certificates

Verify current Connecticut law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Connecticut. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Delaware

Delaware has no state statute limiting expiration dates on gift certificates or gift cards. A bill that would have banned expiration dates on cards sold in Delaware (House Substitute 1 for House Bill 52, 144th General Assembly) was stricken in June 2008 and never became law, although its text still circulates in secondary 50-state charts as “6 Del. C. § 2709” — a section that does not exist in the current Delaware Code. For dollar-denominated gift cards, the federal CARD Act’s five-year minimum and fee rules supply the operative floor.

Delaware’s weight falls on the unclaimed-property side. Under 12 Del. C. § 1133(14), value on a gift card or stored-value card is presumed abandoned five years after the later of purchase, a balance verification, or the owner’s last indication of interest, with the abandoned amount measured as the issuer’s maximum cost of the merchandise, goods, or services the card represents. Because owner-unknown property is generally reportable to the issuer’s state of incorporation, Delaware’s escheat rules reach many companies incorporated there, wherever their customers live.

Does this law reach sessions? Delaware’s unclaimed-property definitions are the ones that matter here, and they are broad: a “gift card” is a “record that may be used to obtain merchandise, goods, or services at a single retailer” — no dollar denomination required and services expressly included — while a “stored-value card” turns on value “shown in the record.” A prepaid session or a gifted FlowCode plausibly fits the gift-card definition; loyalty cards issued without consideration are excluded.

Key authorities: Del. Code tit. 6, ch. 27, subch. I (no gift-card section); 12 Del. C. §§ 1130, 1133 (unclaimed property); HS 1 for HB 52, 144th Gen. Assem. (stricken 2008)

Verify current Delaware law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Delaware. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Florida

Florida generally prohibits expiration dates on purchased gift instruments. Under Fla. Stat. § 501.95, a gift certificate — defined to include gift cards and stored value cards purchased for monetary consideration — and a credit memo may not carry an expiration date, expiration period, or any post-sale charge or fee, including service, dormancy, and account-maintenance fees. Exceptions permit expiration when prominently disclosed in writing: certificates tied to charitable fundraising (at least three years), employee-incentive programs (at least one year), free loyalty or promotional certificates, certificates whose value is mostly attributable to a limited-duration convention, conference, vacation, or event, and multi-merchant instruments issued by financial institutions.

Florida is also notably issuer-friendly on escheat: under Fla. Stat. § 717.1045, unredeemed gift certificates and credit memos are not reportable as unclaimed property and the consideration paid is the property of the issuer — except certificates carrying permitted expiration dates under § 501.95(2)(b), which remain reportable and belong to the owner. A 2026 bill (SB 826) that would have broadened the definition and removed most expiration exceptions died in committee in March 2026.

Does this law reach sessions? Florida’s definition is broad and not amount-based: any “certificate, gift card, stored value card, or similar instrument purchased for monetary consideration” redeemable for merchandise, food, or services. A prepaid session and a gifted FlowCode — both bought for money and redeemable for a service — plausibly fall inside it. The limited-duration-event exception is aimed at conventions and vacations rather than routine facility visits, so it offers no obvious carve-out for admission-style sessions.

Key authorities: Fla. Stat. § 501.95 (2025); Fla. Stat. § 717.1045 (2025); SB 826 (2026) — died in committee

Verify current Florida law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Florida. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Georgia

Georgia permits gift-certificate expiration dates but conditions them on conspicuous disclosure. Under the Gift Card Integrity Act of 2005, codified in Georgia’s Fair Business Practices Act at O.C.G.A. § 10-1-393(b)(33), a seller must include the card’s terms in its packaging, conspicuously print any expiration date on the certificate or card, and conspicuously print the amount of any dormancy or nonuse fees; failing to do so is an unfair or deceptive practice. The statute sets no minimum validity period — a properly disclosed certificate is valid “in accordance with its terms.” For dollar-denominated gift cards, the federal CARD Act supplies the substantive floor — funds may not expire for at least five years and inactivity fees require at least a year of nonuse — a distinction the Georgia Attorney General’s consumer guidance draws expressly.

Unredeemed value is escheatable in Georgia: a gift certificate or credit memo that remains unclaimed for more than five years after becoming payable or distributable is presumed abandoned, with the abandoned amount measured as the price the purchaser paid (O.C.G.A. § 44-12-205).

Does this law reach sessions? Georgia’s definition tracks the federal template: a “gift certificate” is a written promise usable at a single merchant, “issued in a specified amount,” purchased on a prepaid basis, and honored for goods or services. Sessions are denominated in visits rather than dollars, so whether they are “issued in a specified amount” is arguable — but services are expressly covered and there is no admission carve-out, and a gifted FlowCode redeemable at one facility sits close to the definition’s core.

Key authorities: O.C.G.A. § 10-1-393(b)(33); O.C.G.A. § 44-12-205 (unclaimed property); Georgia AG Consumer Protection Division — Gift Cards

Verify current Georgia law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Georgia. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Hawaii

Hawaii allows gift certificates to expire only after a long minimum life: under HRS § 481B-13, a certificate’s expiration date must be “not less than five years after the date of issuance,” and a certificate issued only in paper form must last at least two years. A certificate with no expiration date is valid in perpetuity, and the issuance and expiration dates must be clearly identified on the certificate or, for an electronic card, on the sales receipt. Service fees — including dormancy or inactivity fees — are prohibited; any activation or issuance fee is capped at the lesser of ten per cent of face value or $5; and where a remaining balance falls under $5, the issuer must redeem it for cash. Violations are unfair or deceptive practices under HRS § 480-2.

On the unclaimed-property side, HRS § 523A-3.5 exempts gift certificates and gift cards that carry no expiration terms and no post-sale charges; instruments that expire or impose fees remain subject to that chapter’s abandonment rules. A gift-card fraud-prevention bill, SB 985, remained pending — not law — through the 2025–2026 sessions.

Does this law reach sessions? Hawaii’s definition is broad: beyond electronic cards “with a banked dollar value,” it reaches “any other medium that evidences the giving of consideration in exchange for the right to redeem” it “for goods, food, or services of at least an equal value” — wording that expressly covers services and does not clearly require a dollar denomination. A prepaid session token or gifted FlowCode plausibly falls inside. The statute does exclude instruments redeemable solely for admission to events or venues, an exemption admission-style facilities sometimes look to.

Key authorities: HRS § 481B-13 (gift certificates); HRS § 523A-3.5 (unclaimed property — gift certificates and gift cards); Hawaii DCCA Office of Consumer Protection — Gift Cards and Gift Certificates

Verify current Hawaii law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Hawaii. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Idaho

Idaho has no statute limiting expiration dates on gift certificates or gift cards, so the federal CARD Act’s five-year floor for covered gift cards is the operative baseline. What Idaho law does regulate is unclaimed property: House Bill 471 (2024) repealed the state’s former gift-certificate escheat provision (old Idaho Code § 14-514) and enacted a Revised Unclaimed Property Act, effective July 1, 2024.

Under the new chapter, a “gift card” — defined as a card assigned a certain value that does not expire, may be decreased only by redemption for merchandise, goods, or services, and cannot be converted into money — is excluded from reportable “property” (Idaho Code § 14-5-102), so unredeemed value on qualifying cards never escheats. A “stored value card” that does not qualify is presumed abandoned five years after the latest of the end of the issuance year, the owner’s last indication of interest, or a balance check, at its net card value (§ 14-5-206). The 2024 act also eliminated Idaho’s $50 de minimis exemption, making small balances of covered property reportable.

Does this law reach sessions? Idaho’s definitions are framed around stated value: a “stored value card” is a record promising goods, services, or money “to the value or amount shown in the record,” and a “gift card” is “a card assigned a certain value.” A single-visit session denominated in visits rather than dollars fits that wording awkwardly. A non-expiring gifted FlowCode looks most like the excluded “gift card”; one sold with a fixed expiry cannot qualify and, if treated as stored value, could become reportable.

Key authorities: Idaho Code tit. 14, ch. 5 (Revised Unclaimed Property Act), §§ 14-5-102, 14-5-206; Idaho H.B. 471 (2024) — enrolled text; Idaho H.B. 471 (2024) — bill status (signed March 11, 2024; effective July 1, 2024)

Verify current Idaho law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Idaho. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Illinois

Illinois restricts rather than bans expiration: since January 1, 2008, “no person shall sell a gift certificate that is subject to: (1) an expiration date earlier than 5 years after the date of issuance; or (2) a post-purchase fee” (815 ILCS 505/2SS, part of the Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act). The face value of a certificate issued on or after that date may not be reduced, and the holder may not be penalized in any way for non-use or untimely redemption. Certificates issued through award or loyalty programs without consumer payment, certificates sold below face value in bulk to employers or nonprofits (which may expire in as little as 30 days), and certificates for food products are exempt. Section 2SS has not been amended since Public Act 97-954, effective in 2013.

Escheat runs on a separate track: Illinois’s Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act excludes qualifying no-expiration, no-fee gift cards from reportable “property,” and those definitions were most recently revised by Public Act 104-116, effective January 1, 2026 — instruments falling outside the gift-card definition can carry reporting obligations.

Does this law reach sessions? Section 2SS defines a gift certificate as a record evidencing a seller’s promise, made for consideration, to provide goods or services to the record’s stated value, including chip and magnetic-stripe cards and store credits from returns. Services are expressly covered and there is no admission exemption, so a gifted FlowCode plausibly falls inside; the sharper textual question is whether a token denominated in visits rather than dollars has a stated “value.” Only multi-seller, promotional, and food certificates are carved out.

Key authorities: 815 ILCS 505/2SS (gift certificates); 765 ILCS 1026/15-102 (RUUPA definitions — gift card, stored-value card); P.A. 104-116 (eff. 1-1-26), amending the Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act

Verify current Illinois law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Illinois. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Indiana

Indiana has no statute limiting expiration dates on gift certificates or gift cards, so the federal CARD Act’s five-year floor for covered cards is the practical baseline. Bills that would have imposed state restrictions — HB 1181 (2020) and HB 1260 (2021) — died without passage, and summaries of the failed HB 1260 (a rule keyed to sales “after December 31, 2022”) still circulate online as if it were law; the chapter it would have created was never codified, and Indiana Code 24-5-27 now houses an unrelated subject.

State law instead addresses unredeemed value through unclaimed property. Indiana’s Revised Unclaimed Property Act (IC 32-34-1.5), clarified by SB 183 effective July 1, 2023, excludes “gift cards” from reportable property — defined as stored value whose value does not expire, that may be decreased only by redemption for merchandise, goods, or services or by issuer-deducted fees, and that cannot be converted into money. Qualifying non-expiring cards therefore need not be reported to the state.

Does this law reach sessions? Indiana defines these instruments only for unclaimed-property purposes: a “gift card” is stored value whose value “does not expire,” decreases only by redemption (or fees deducted by the issuer), and may not be converted into money. A session or gifted FlowCode sold with “No expiration” plausibly fits that description and stays outside escheat; one sold with a fixed expiry cannot, and its treatment under the act’s broader property definitions is less settled. There is no consumer-protection definition to test a visit-denominated token against.

Key authorities: IC 32-34-1.5-3 (Revised Unclaimed Property Act — definitions; gift cards excluded from “property”); NCSL, Gift Cards and Gift Certificates Statutes and Legislation (Indiana entry); IN HB 1260 (2021) — died without passage

Verify current Indiana law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Indiana. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Iowa

Iowa does not cap or prohibit expiration dates on gift certificates; its rules operate through fees and unclaimed property (Iowa Code § 556.9). An issuer may not deduct any charge from a certificate’s face value for failure to present it in a timely manner unless a valid, enforceable written contract with the owner provides for such charges and the issuer regularly imposes them. Funds on a certificate not presented within five years of issuance are presumed abandoned and reportable to the state treasurer — with one carve-out: a certificate “redeemable for merchandise only” that has no expiration date, no untimeliness deductions, and no other charge or service fee remains valid indefinitely and is never presumed abandoned.

Treasurer rule 781—9.13 (readopted effective February 26, 2025) applies that exemption to non-cash-redeemable certificates issued after July 1, 2014 without expiration or service fees, and makes certificates whose face shows an expiration date or fees reportable even if the issuer waives them in practice. Perennial bills to ban expiration dates in Iowa have not passed.

Does this law reach sessions? Iowa’s definition is unusually narrow: a “merchandise certificate or electronic gift card conspicuously designated as a gift certificate or electronic gift card, and generally purchased by a buyer for use by a person other than the buyer.” A gifted FlowCode matches the bought-for-someone-else element far better than a self-purchased session, which arguably falls outside entirely. And because the indefinite-validity carve-out speaks of certificates “redeemable for merchandise only,” instruments redeemed for services or visits fit it imperfectly.

Key authorities: Iowa Code § 556.9 (unclaimed property — gift certificates); Iowa Admin. Code r. 781—9.13 (reporting of unused gift certificate and gift card balances); Iowa Attorney General consumer advisory, “Paper or Plastic? Gift Certificates & Gift Cards”

Verify current Iowa law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Iowa. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Kansas

Kansas restricts, but does not ban, gift-card expiration: no one may sell a gift certificate or gift card carrying an expiration date less than five years from the date of purchase, and a certificate or card sold without an expiration date remains valid until redeemed or replaced. The statute, K.S.A. 50-6,108, is part of and supplemental to the Kansas Consumer Protection Act, so violations can be pursued as consumer-protection matters. No fees may be charged against a card’s balance within 12 months of issuance, all conditions and limitations must be disclosed to the purchaser at the time of purchase, and a merchant is not required to redeem a card for cash.

The rule has been on the books unchanged since its 2006 enactment. On the unclaimed-property side, Kansas removed gift certificates from its Disposition of Unclaimed Property Act — K.S.A. 58-3935’s list of property presumed abandoned does not include them, and the State Treasurer lists gift certificates and gift cards issued after 1994 among the Act’s exceptions — so unredeemed balances generally do not escheat to the state.

Does this law reach sessions? Kansas defines a “gift certificate” as a written promise, given in exchange for full or discounted payment, “to provide merchandise in a specified amount or of equal value to the bearer,” and a “gift card” as a tangible device encoded with a value. A digital, service-denominated session token fits neither term cleanly — it is not a tangible device, is not stated in a dollar amount, and “merchandise” is left undefined — but a gifted FlowCode is at least arguably a written promise given in exchange for payment, so coverage is unsettled.

Key authorities: K.S.A. 50-6,108; K.S.A. 58-3935 (unclaimed property — gift certificates not listed)

Verify current Kansas law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Kansas. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Kentucky

Kentucky permits expiration dates on gift cards but sets a one-year floor: KRS 367.890 makes it unlawful to sell a gift card with an expiration date less than one year after the date it is issued, and a card sold without an expiration date printed on its front or back remains valid until redeemed or replaced. Service, dormancy, latency, and administrative fees that reduce the card’s redemption value are prohibited until the printed expiration date has passed, and an issuer who violates the fee rule is liable to the holder for the reduction plus court costs and reasonable attorney’s fees. Narrow exceptions — volume-discount cards sold to employers or nonprofits, fundraising cards, and employer-to-employee cards — may carry expiration dates as short as 120 days.

On the unclaimed-property side, Kentucky’s Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act presumes stored-value cards abandoned after three years but expressly carves gift cards out of that presumption, so unredeemed merchant gift-card value generally does not escheat. The expiration rule itself has been unchanged since a 2010 amendment.

Does this law reach sessions? Kentucky’s definition is notably broad: any “certificate, electronic card, or other medium issued by a merchant” evidencing consideration given “in exchange for the right to redeem … for goods, food, services, credit, or money of at least an equal value.” It expressly reaches services and non-card media and does not require a dollar denomination, so a prepaid session token — and a gifted FlowCode — plausibly fall inside. The only carve-outs are calling cards, bank-issued general-use cards, and purely promotional cards.

Key authorities: KRS 367.890; KRS 393A.090 (stored-value abandonment; gift-card carve-out)

Verify current Kentucky law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Kentucky. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Louisiana

Louisiana treats short-dated gift certificates as a deceptive trade practice: it is unlawful to sell a gift certificate or gift card with an expiration date less than five years from the date of issuance, and any expiration date must appear in capital letters in at least ten-point font on the certificate. A certificate sold without an expiration date is valid until redeemed or replaced. Service and dormancy fees are banned outright, though a one-time handling fee of up to one dollar is permitted. Loyalty and promotional instruments issued without payment, certificates sold below face value or donated to nonprofits for fundraising, and federally regulated general-use prepaid cards are exempt. Violations carry the remedies and penalties of Louisiana’s unfair trade practices chapter.

Unlike many states, Louisiana has no gift-card exemption in its unclaimed-property law: “gift certificate” appears in the statutory list of escheatable property and is presumed abandoned three years after December 31 of the year of sale — so unredeemed value can become reportable to the state even while the certificate itself remains valid. The core expiration rule has been unchanged since 2010.

Does this law reach sessions? Louisiana defines a “gift certificate” first as a writing “usable in its face amount in lieu of cash in exchange for goods or services,” which presumes a dollar denomination, but then sweeps in “any other medium that evidences the giving of consideration in exchange for the right to redeem … for goods, food, services, credit or money of at least an equal value.” That catch-all expressly covers services and non-card media, so a prepaid session token — and especially a gifted FlowCode — could plausibly fall within it.

Key authorities: La. R.S. 51:1423; La. R.S. 9:154 (presumptions of abandonment)

Verify current Louisiana law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Louisiana. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Maine

Maine bans expiration outright: under the Maine Revised Unclaimed Property Act, “a period of limitation may not be imposed on the owner’s right to redeem” a gift obligation, and the same prohibition applies to stored-value obligations. Fees are tightly limited — an issuer may charge only a disclosed transaction fee at initial issuance (plus reload fees on stored-value obligations), and dormancy or service charges are otherwise barred. When in-person redemption leaves a balance under $5, the merchant must refund it in cash on request.

Maine’s escheat treatment is unusual and worth care. Gift obligations are presumed abandoned two years after year-end, but a 2019 amendment phased the reportable amount down to 0% for obligations issued or last transacted in 2022 or later, and single issuers selling no more than $250,000 in face value a year are exempt entirely. Stored-value obligations — a separate category that expressly excludes gift obligations — are still presumed abandoned after three years at 100% of net value, so which category an instrument falls into materially affects an issuer’s reporting exposure.

Does this law reach sessions? Maine’s “gift obligation” is a bearer record obligating a business “to provide goods or services at a future date for a specified amount shown in the record,” redeemable only for goods or services and not for cash; a “stored-value obligation” likewise turns on “the value or amount shown in the record.” Both expressly include services, but both are framed around a stated amount, so a session token denominated in visits rather than dollars sits at the definitions’ edge — a gifted FlowCode otherwise matches the gift-obligation pattern closely.

Key authorities: 33 M.R.S. § 2067 (gift obligations); 33 M.R.S. § 2066 (stored-value obligations); 33 M.R.S. § 2052 (definitions)

Verify current Maine law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Maine. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Maryland

Maryland bars both expiration and fees on closed-loop gift certificates for four years: a person may not sell or issue a gift certificate that, within four years after the date of purchase, is subject to expiration or a fee or charge of any kind. Terms taking effect after the four-year mark must be printed clearly in at least 10-point type on the certificate, a permanently affixed sticker, or its envelope, and terms may not be changed after purchase unless the change benefits the consumer. A certificate sold in violation is deemed valid and may never expire or carry fees. Open-loop cards processed through national card networks follow a separate disclosure regime. Violations are unfair or deceptive trade practices under Maryland’s Consumer Protection Act.

Maryland’s unclaimed-property act expressly excludes gift certificates and gift cards from “personal property,” so unredeemed balances do not escheat to the state. Separately, the 2024 Gift Card Scams Prevention Act added tamper-evident packaging, signage, and employee-training requirements phased in during 2025; it does not change the expiration rules.

Does this law reach sessions? Maryland’s definition — “a device constructed of paper, plastic, or any other material” that is sold “for a cash value that can be used to purchase goods or services” — expressly reaches services but is framed around a physical device carrying a cash value. A purely digital, visit-denominated session token does not map cleanly onto that wording, though a gifted FlowCode sold for cash and redeemable for a service is close enough that coverage cannot be ruled out. Loyalty and promotional instruments are excluded.

Key authorities: Md. Code, Com. Law § 14-1319; Md. Code, Com. Law § 14-1320 (open-loop cards); Md. Code, Com. Law § 17-101(q) (escheat exclusion)

Verify current Maryland law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Maryland. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Massachusetts

Massachusetts allows gift certificates to expire, but only after a minimum of seven years from the date of issuance. Under Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 200A, § 5D, both the issuance date and the expiration date must be clearly identified on the certificate — or, for electronic cards, printed on the sales receipt or made available online or by toll-free phone. A certificate that is not clearly marked with an expiration date, or whose date is not otherwise made available, is redeemable in perpetuity. A separate criminal provision, ch. 266, § 75C, makes it punishable by a fine of up to $300 to sell a gift certificate with a redemption window shorter than seven years or to refuse redemption before the stated expiration date.

The escheat angle matters for issuers: under the 2003 framework, a properly dated certificate that expires after the seven-year period is no longer subject to the abandoned-property reporting duty in ch. 200A, § 7, so the issuer keeps unredeemed value — while an undated certificate remains redeemable forever. Holders can also cash out small remaining balances.

Does this law reach sessions? The ch. 255D, § 1 definition starts with a writing “purchased by a buyer for use by a person other than the buyer” and “usable in its face amount,” which reads most naturally on dollar-denominated gifts — a gifted FlowCode fits that pattern more squarely than a session bought for oneself. But the definition also sweeps in any certificate where the issuer “has received payment for the full face value for the future purchase or delivery of goods or services,” language broad enough to plausibly reach a prepaid single-visit session token. There is no admission or services exemption.

Key authorities: Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 200A, § 5D; Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 255D, § 1 (definition); Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 266, § 75C (penalty)

Verify current Massachusetts law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Massachusetts. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Michigan

Michigan allows gift certificates to expire, but not within five years: under MCL 445.903g, a retailer of goods or services “shall not sell a gift certificate to a consumer that expires within a period of less than 5 years.” Companion provisions in the Michigan Consumer Protection Act round out the rule — MCL 445.903e bars refusing an unexpired certificate, altering its terms after issuance, or failing to disclose terms and conditions (which expressly include an expiration date), and MCL 445.903f flatly prohibits inactivity or service fees for holding or using a gift certificate. All three sections took effect November 1, 2008.

The escheat treatment is favorable to issuers: Michigan’s Uniform Unclaimed Property Act generally presumes a gift certificate abandoned after three years, but MCL 567.235 states the act “does not apply to a gift certificate as defined in [MCL 445.903e] that is issued for retail goods or services,” so unredeemed value on ordinary retail certificates is not reportable to the state.

Does this law reach sessions? Michigan defines a “gift certificate” as a written promise or electronic payment device that is “issued in a specified amount” and “purchased or loaded on a prepaid basis for the future purchase of goods or services.” Services are expressly covered and there is no admission or events exemption, but the “specified amount” element reads most naturally as a dollar denomination — a session token denominated in visits rather than dollars fits less cleanly. The definition does not turn on gifting, so a gifted FlowCode and a self-purchased session sit in the same position.

Key authorities: MCL 445.903g (5-year minimum); MCL 445.903e (definitions; prohibited conduct); MCL 445.903f (fee prohibition); MCL 567.235 (unclaimed property; retail exclusion)

Verify current Michigan law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Michigan. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Minnesota

Minnesota bans expiration dates on gift certificates outright. Under Minn. Stat. § 325G.53, subd. 2, it is “unlawful for any person or entity to sell a gift certificate that is subject to an expiration date or a service fee of any kind, including, but not limited to, a service fee for dormancy.” The prohibition, in place since 2007, covers gift cards, stored-value cards, and store cards. Exemptions are narrow: promotional or loyalty certificates given without consumer payment, certificates sold below face value to employers or nonprofits for fundraising, bank- or credit-union-issued multi-seller cards (which may expire if the date and fees are disclosed), employee-recognition certificates, debit cards, and prepaid calling cards.

The escheat side is issuer-friendly: Minn. Stat. § 345.39 excludes gift certificates and gift cards issued by retail sellers of goods or services from the “intangible property” subject to Minnesota’s unclaimed-property law, so unredeemed balances are not reportable to the state. The Minnesota Attorney General publishes consumer guidance restating the no-expiration, no-fee rule.

Does this law reach sessions? Minnesota’s definition — “a tangible record evidencing a promise, made for consideration … that goods or services will be provided to the owner of the record to the value shown in the record” — expressly covers services, and it carries no admission or events exemption. Two textual wrinkles for a session product: the statute says “tangible record,” which a purely digital code arguably is not, and “value shown in the record” plus “value is decreased upon each use” contemplate denominated stored value rather than a single-visit token. Gifting does not change the analysis; the definition never turns on who uses the certificate.

Key authorities: Minn. Stat. § 325G.53; Minn. Stat. § 345.39 (unclaimed-property exclusion); Minnesota Attorney General — Gift Cards and Gift Certificates

Verify current Minnesota law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Minnesota. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Mississippi

Mississippi imposes no state limit on gift-certificate or gift-card expiration dates — no Mississippi statute addresses expiration, dormancy fees, or disclosure for these instruments, so the federal CARD Act’s five-year minimum for covered gift certificates and store gift cards is the operative floor. Federal rules likewise bar dormancy, inactivity, and service fees unless a card has sat unused for twelve months, the fees are disclosed, and at most one fee is charged per month.

Where Mississippi law does engage is unclaimed property. Gift certificates are expressly listed as “intangible personal property” under the state’s Uniform Disposition of Unclaimed Property Act, and unclaimed intangibles are presumed abandoned after five years. The State Treasury’s holder guidance draws an unusual line: cards with a printed expiration date are not to be reported or remitted, while cards without one must be reported — with card number, sale date, and dollar amount — once five years dormant. Expiration terms therefore shape escheat exposure for Mississippi issuers even though no consumer statute governs them.

Does this law reach sessions? Mississippi defines gift certificates only in its unclaimed-property act, where “gift certificates” sit in a non-exclusive list of intangible personal property with no monetary “specified amount” requirement and no admission or services carve-out — broad enough that a prepaid session token or a gifted FlowCode could plausibly be treated as escheatable value. Whether any expiration limit applies at all turns on the federal definitions, which require a “specified amount” and exclude instruments redeemable solely for admission to venues — both open questions for a single-visit session.

Key authorities: Miss. Code Ann. § 89-12-3(f) — “intangible personal property” includes gift certificates; Miss. Code Ann. § 89-12-14 — five-year presumption of abandonment; Mississippi State Treasury, FAQs for Holders — gift-card reporting rules; 15 U.S.C. § 1693l-1 — federal CARD Act gift-card provisions; NCSL, Gift Cards and Gift Certificates Statutes and Legislation (updated May 20, 2026)

Verify current Mississippi law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Mississippi. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Missouri

Missouri sets no state limit on gift-certificate or gift-card expiration — its statutes contain no consumer provision on expiration dates, dormancy fees, or disclosures, leaving the federal CARD Act’s five-year minimum and fee restrictions as the operative floor for covered instruments. Bills that would have banned expiration dates and dormancy fees on gift certificates (SB 685 in 2006, SB 872 in 2010) died in committee without becoming law.

Missouri’s unclaimed-property act is where gift certificates do appear. Certificates, credit memos, and credit balances “redeemable in merchandise only” are reportable to the state treasurer at sixty percent of face value once presumed abandoned — Missouri’s general abandonment period has been five years since 2000 — and the treasurer reimburses owners at full face value. The act contains no exemption removing gift certificates from reporting, so unredeemed value remains escheatable in Missouri even though no consumer statute limits how issuers set expiration.

Does this law reach sessions? Missouri’s only gift-certificate language is escheat-side and speaks of certificates “redeemable in merchandise only” — a phrase that fits store credit more naturally than a token redeemed for a facility visit or service, though the act’s broader intangible-property categories are not so limited. No Missouri definition imposes a monetary “specified amount.” Because the state adds no expiration rule, whether a session or a gifted FlowCode is regulated at all depends on the federal definitions — “specified amount” and the admission-to-venues exclusion — which leave single-visit tokens unsettled.

Key authorities: Mo. Rev. Stat. § 447.505(5) — gift certificates redeemable in merchandise only reportable at 60% of face value; Mo. Rev. Stat. § 447.536 — abandonment periods reduced to five years effective Jan. 1, 2000; Mo. Rev. Stat. § 447.503 — definitions (no gift-certificate or stored-value definition); 15 U.S.C. § 1693l-1 — federal CARD Act gift-card provisions; Mo. SB 685 (2006) — expiration-ban bill, died in committee; Mo. SB 872 (2010) — expiration-ban bill, died in committee; NCSL, Gift Cards and Gift Certificates Statutes and Legislation (updated May 20, 2026)

Verify current Missouri law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Missouri. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Montana

Montana bans gift-certificate expiration outright: under Mont. Code Ann. § 30-14-108, a gift certificate “is valid until redemption and does not terminate.” The same section bars any fee that reduces a certificate’s value — dormancy fees are named expressly — and requires cash redemption of small remainders: if the certificate originally sold for more than $5 and less than $5 remains, the issuer must cash out the balance on request. The value belongs to the possessor, not the issuer, and becomes trust property of the possessor if the issuer files bankruptcy.

On the unclaimed-property side, a gift certificate is presumed abandoned three years after December 31 of the year it was sold (60% of face value if redeemable in merchandise only), but issuers who sold no more than $200,000 in gift certificates in the past fiscal year — a figure adjusted annually for inflation — are exempt from the presumption, which keeps many small operators outside the reporting regime.

Does this law reach sessions? Montana defines “gift certificate” broadly as a record — including a gift card or stored value card — “provided for paid consideration” promising that “goods or services will be provided to the possessor of the record for the value that is shown on the record.” Services are expressly covered and there is no admission or events carve-out, so a prepaid session token or gifted FlowCode plausibly falls inside, though the “value shown on the record” phrasing arguably contemplates dollar-denominated instruments rather than a single-visit credit. Certificates usable with multiple unaffiliated sellers and no-consideration loyalty or promotional coupons are excluded.

Key authorities: Mont. Code Ann. § 30-14-108; Mont. Code Ann. § 30-14-102 (definitions); Mont. Code Ann. § 70-9-803 (presumptions of abandonment); Montana Department of Justice — Gift Cards/Certificates

Verify current Montana law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Montana. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Nebraska

Nebraska has no statute limiting how soon a gift certificate or gift card may expire, so the federal CARD Act’s five-year minimum for dollar-denominated gift cards is the operative floor. What Nebraska does regulate sits in its unclaimed-property act: under Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-1305.03, a card that carries no post-sale fees and no expiration date is never presumed abandoned, while a card with an expiration date or any post-sale fee is presumed abandoned three years after issuance, with the unredeemed balance reportable to the State Treasurer. Any expiration date used must be printed clearly and conspicuously on the certificate or card, visible to the purchaser before purchase.

In 2025 Nebraska added a point-of-sale rule aimed at fraud, not expiration: LB609 created Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2801, requiring sellers to post conspicuous fraud-warning notices where gift cards are displayed or sold, enforced by the Attorney General with civil penalties up to $250 after a warning citation.

Does this law reach sessions? Nebraska’s escheat provision never defines “gift certificate” or “gift card,” but it speaks of a card’s “face amount,” which fits dollar-denominated instruments more naturally than a single-visit session credit. The newer fraud-notice statute, § 69-2801, defines a gift card as a “prefunded record” that “is issued in a specified amount” and honored for goods or services on presentation — a session token is prepaid and honored for a service, but is not issued in a specified dollar amount, so coverage of a session or gifted FlowCode under either statute is arguable rather than clear.

Key authorities: Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-1305.03; Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2801 (2025 fraud-notice law); Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-1305.03 (FindLaw text)

Verify current Nebraska law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Nebraska. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Nevada

Nevada allows gift certificates to expire, but only with conspicuous disclosure: it is a deceptive trade practice to issue a gift certificate that expires unless the expiration date — or a toll-free number the holder can call for the balance and expiration date — is printed plainly on the front or back in at least 10-point type, readily visible to the buyer before purchase. There is no minimum validity period. Service fees are capped regardless of disclosure: none may be imposed in the first 12 months, total fees may not exceed $1 per month, and inactivity-based fees require at least three continuous years of nonuse. Loyalty and promotional instruments issued without payment, certain discounted employer or nonprofit certificates, and instruments issued by licensed gaming establishments are exempt.

Expiration carries an escheat consequence: 60% of the unredeemed value of a gift certificate issued or sold in Nevada is presumed abandoned on its expiration date, or the date the issuer stops honoring it, with proceeds routed to the State Education Fund. The consumer-facing rule has been unchanged since 2007; the unclaimed-property provisions were updated in 2023.

Does this law reach sessions? Nevada defines a “gift certificate” as an instrument or record “evidencing a promise … to provide goods or services to the holder … for the value shown in, upon or ascribed to” it, with “record” expressly covering electronic media. The definition reaches services and does not require a printed dollar amount — value merely “ascribed to” the record may suffice — so a digital session token or a gifted FlowCode plausibly falls inside. Casino-issued instruments and true promotional giveaways are carved out.

Key authorities: NRS 598.0921; NRS 120A.520 (60% escheat on expiration)

Verify current Nevada law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Nevada. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

New Hampshire

New Hampshire bars expiration dates on most gift certificates and ties larger ones to the state’s abandoned-property process. Under RSA 358-A:2, XIII — part of the Consumer Protection Act — it is unlawful to sell a gift certificate with a face value of $250 or less that carries an expiration date; a 2024 amendment raised that threshold from $100, effective January 1, 2025. Certificates with a face value over $250 are not left to seller-set terms either: by statute they expire only when escheated to the state as abandoned property under RSA 471-C.

The same paragraph prohibits dormancy, latency, and other administrative fees or service charges that reduce what the holder can redeem, and states that it does not apply to season passes. On the escheat side, RSA 471-C:16 exempts gift certificates of $250 or less and merchandise store credits from the abandoned-property law, so escheat is only in play for larger certificates.

Does this law reach sessions? New Hampshire defines a “gift certificate” as “a promise given in exchange for payment to provide the bearer, upon presentation, goods or services in a specified amount” (RSA 358-A:1). The definition expressly reaches services and does not require dollar denomination, so a prepaid single-visit session — and a gifted FlowCode redeemable for one — plausibly fits as a promise of services in a specified amount. The statute carves out season passes, but a one-visit token is not an obvious season pass.

Key authorities: N.H. Rev. Stat. § 358-A:2, XIII; N.H. Rev. Stat. § 358-A:1 (definitions); N.H. Rev. Stat. § 471-C:16 (gift certificates and store credits)

Verify current New Hampshire law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for New Hampshire. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

New Jersey

New Jersey bars expiration of gift-card funds outright for most cards sold today. Under N.J.S.A. 46:30B-42.1(i), the funds associated with a stored value card sold on or after December 1, 2012 “shall be valid until redemption and shall not expire,” although the physical card or medium may carry an expiration date permitted by federal law so long as the underlying funds do not lapse. The state’s “stored value card” definition (N.J.S.A. 46:30B-6) is broad, sweeping in paper gift certificates, gift cards, electronic gift cards, store cards, and similar records. An earlier Consumer Fraud Act provision, N.J.S.A. 56:8-110, separately forbids expiration within 24 months of sale and requires 10-point disclosure of any expiration or fee terms.

Dormancy fees are barred for 24 months and capped at $2 per month afterward under § 56:8-110, and for post-2012 stored value cards only activation, value-add, and replacement fees are allowed. New Jersey also still escheats unredeemed value: cards inactive for five years are presumed abandoned and closed-loop cards escheat at 60% of face value — but promotional cards, cards redeemable for admission to events or venues, and issuers selling $250,000 or less in cards annually are exempt, and balances under $5 must be redeemed in cash on request.

Does this law reach sessions? New Jersey’s “stored value card” definition — a pre-funded record promising “merchandise, services, or cash in the value shown in the record” — expressly includes services and could reach a prepaid session or a gifted FlowCode, though a token not denominated in dollars sits somewhat awkwardly with “value shown in the record.” More directly, both statutes carve out records “redeemable for admission to events or venues at a particular location or group of affiliated locations, or for goods or services in conjunction with admission,” and the escheat provisions exempt issuers selling $250,000 or less annually — carve-outs plausibly relevant to visit-based facilities.

Key authorities: N.J. Stat. § 46:30B-42.1; N.J. Stat. § 56:8-110; P.L. 2010, c. 25 (stored-value-card definition, N.J. Stat. § 46:30B-6)

Verify current New Jersey law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for New Jersey. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

New Mexico

New Mexico restricts, but does not ban, gift certificate expiration. Under the Unfair Practices Act, a gift certificate may not carry an expiration date less than sixty months — five years — after the date it was issued, and if no expiration date is conspicuously stated on the certificate, it is presumed to have none and remains valid until redeemed or replaced. Issuers may not charge fees of any kind in connection with the sale, redemption, or replacement of a certificate beyond the initial purchase price, and the certificate’s value may not be reduced by any service or dormancy fee. Violations are unfair or deceptive trade practices under the Unfair Practices Act.

Separately, New Mexico’s Uniform Unclaimed Property Act presumes an unredeemed gift certificate abandoned five years after December 31 of the year it was sold; where a certificate is redeemable in merchandise only, sixty percent of its face value is deemed abandoned and reportable to the state.

Does this law reach sessions? New Mexico’s definition — “a writing identified as a gift certificate that is not redeemable in cash and is usable in its face amount in lieu of cash in exchange for goods or services” — is framed around a monetary face amount. But the statute also sweeps in “any other medium that evidences the giving of consideration in exchange for the right to redeem” it for goods or services of at least equal value, a catch-all broad enough to plausibly reach a prepaid session token or a gifted FlowCode.

Key authorities: N.M. Stat. Ann. § 57-12-26; 2007 N.M. Laws ch. 125 (S.B. 1030); N.M. Stat. Ann. § 7-8A-2 (Uniform Unclaimed Property Act)

Verify current New Mexico law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for New Mexico. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

New York

New York permits gift certificate funds to expire only after nine years. As amended effective December 10, 2022, General Business Law § 396-i makes it unlawful to sell or issue a gift certificate — other than a promotional one — whose underlying funds are subject to an expiration date earlier than the later of nine years after issuance or the date funds were last loaded, and any expiration terms must be clearly and conspicuously stated. The section also bans fees outright — activation, service, dormancy, renewal, and similar charges — except a one-time activation fee of up to nine dollars on certificates usable at multiple unaffiliated merchants, and state guidance notes that balances under five dollars must be redeemable in cash on request.

Under the Abandoned Property Law, unredeemed gift certificates unclaimed for five years are deemed abandoned, with merchandise-only certificates escheating at face value — a reporting horizon that arrives well before the nine-year validity floor.

Does this law reach sessions? Section 396-i defines a gift certificate as a “certificate, electronic card, or other pre-funded record” that is “issued in a specified amount” and purchased on a prepaid basis for the future purchase or delivery of any goods or services. Services are expressly covered and there is no admission or event exemption, so a gifted FlowCode fits much of the wording; the open question for a session token is the “specified amount” element, since sessions carry no dollar balance.

Key authorities: N.Y. Gen. Bus. Law § 396-i; NYS Division of Consumer Protection, gift card law alert; N.Y. Abandoned Property Law § 1315

Verify current New York law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for New York. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

North Carolina

North Carolina has no statute limiting when a gift certificate may expire, so the federal CARD Act’s five-year floor for dollar-denominated gift cards is the operative constraint where it applies. State law instead regulates fees and escheat: G.S. 66-67.5 requires any maintenance fee to be conspicuously disclosed at purchase and visible on the card itself, and bans maintenance fees for one calendar year after purchase.

The escheat rules do the real work on expiration. Under G.S. 116B-53(c)(8), a gift certificate or electronic gift card that bears an expiration date and remains unredeemed for more than three years after sale is deemed abandoned, with sixty percent of the unredeemed face value payable to the state. Under G.S. 116B-54(b), an instrument that conspicuously states it does not expire, bears no expiration date, or states that a printed expiration date is not applicable in North Carolina is not abandoned property at all — so many issuers sell non-expiring instruments to stay outside the reporting regime.

Does this law reach sessions? The fee statute defines a “gift card” as a record evidencing a promise, made for monetary consideration, that goods or services will be provided “to the value shown in the record,” expressly including gift certificates and stored-value cards. Services are covered, but a session token that displays no dollar value sits uneasily with the “value shown” wording; the escheat chapter lists “gift certificate” as property without defining it. A gifted FlowCode presents the same question, not a different one.

Key authorities: N.C. Gen. Stat. § 66-67.5; N.C. Gen. Stat. § 116B-53(c)(8); N.C. Gen. Stat. § 116B-54(b); N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer, unclaimed property guide: gift certificates

Verify current North Carolina law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for North Carolina. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

North Dakota

North Dakota permits gift certificate expiration only six years out. Under N.D.C.C. chapter 51-29, a person may not limit the time for redemption of a gift certificate, or place an expiration date on one, earlier than six years after the date of purchase — and may not even print a statement suggesting that an earlier expiration or redemption date applies. Monthly or annual service or maintenance fees are flatly prohibited. Certificates distributed through awards, loyalty, or promotional programs without consumer payment are exempt, provided any restrictions are disclosed in writing when distributed. The attorney general enforces the chapter, and a violation is also a violation of the state’s unfair-trade-practices law.

On escheat, North Dakota’s Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act expressly excludes “gift cards” — prefunded records usable at a single merchant or specified group for goods or services — from escheatable property, so unredeemed value on single-merchant cards generally is not reportable; multi-merchant stored-value cards are presumed abandoned at net card value three years after issuance, last load, or last owner contact.

Does this law reach sessions? Chapter 51-29 defines a “gift certificate” as a record evidencing a promise, made for monetary consideration, that goods or services will be provided “to the value shown in the record,” and its inclusion list — gift cards, online gift accounts, stored-value and store cards, “or a similar record or card” — is broad. Services are expressly covered; the “value shown” phrase is the main textual hook for arguing a visit-denominated session token falls outside. A purchased FlowCode gift tracks the ordinary gift-card pattern closely.

Key authorities: N.D. Cent. Code ch. 51-29 (§§ 51-29-01 to 51-29-03); N.D. Attorney General, consumer rights guidance; N.D. Cent. Code ch. 47-30.2 (§§ 47-30.2-01, 47-30.2-09)

Verify current North Dakota law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for North Dakota. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Ohio

Ohio bars selling a gift card that expires less than two years after the date it is issued, and within that two-year window bans service charges — dormancy, latency, administrative, and similar fees — that reduce the amount for which the card can be redeemed. A gift card sold without an expiration date is valid until redeemed or replaced. The section carves out promotional and loyalty cards issued without consideration, cards sold at a volume discount to employers or nonprofits (which may expire up to thirty days after sale), nonprofit fundraising cards, employer-issued cards limited to the employer’s establishment, hunting-and-fishing license certificates, employee-recognition awards, and cards usable with multiple unaffiliated sellers. Whoever violates the fee rule is liable to the holder for the reduction in value plus court costs and attorney’s fees.

On escheat, Ohio’s unclaimed-funds law excludes credits represented by gift certificates, gift cards, and merchandise credits redeemable only for goods or services, so unredeemed closed-loop card value is generally not reportable to the state.

Does this law reach sessions? Ohio’s definition is broad: a certificate, electronic card, “or other medium” issued by a merchant that evidences consideration given in exchange for the right to redeem it “for goods, food, services, credit, or money of at least an equal value.” Services are expressly included and nothing in the text requires a dollar denomination, so a prepaid single-visit session token — and equally a gifted FlowCode redeemed later — plausibly falls within the wording; no admission or event exemption appears.

Key authorities: Ohio Rev. Code § 1349.61; Ohio Rev. Code § 169.01

Verify current Ohio law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Ohio. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Oklahoma

Oklahoma permits expiration dates on gift certificates and gift cards only when they run at least 60 months from the date of purchase. Under the Gift Certificate and Gift Card Disclosure Act (15 O.S. §§ 796–798, enacted in 2005 and amended in 2006), it is unlawful to sell a certificate or card that expires sooner; the expiration date must appear in capital letters in at least ten-point font on the front, and a certificate sold without an expiration date remains valid until redeemed or replaced.

Service and dormancy fees are barred except in one narrow case: a remaining balance of $5 or less, a fee of no more than $1 per month, at least 24 consecutive months of inactivity, a reloadable card, and printed fee disclosure. Exemptions cover loyalty and award programs, below-face-value sales to employers and nonprofits, and food-product certificates. Section 798 declares card value to be “held in trust by the issuer on behalf of the beneficiary” and requires issuers in bankruptcy to keep honoring cards, while compliance summaries continue to list unredeemed gift certificates as reportable to the state after a five-year dormancy period.

Does this law reach sessions? Oklahoma’s definitions are money-denominated: a “gift certificate” must be “issued in a specified amount, indicated on its face,” and a “gift card” is a card or electronic payment device “issued in a predenominated amount,” each usable “to purchase goods and/or services” at a merchant (15 O.S. § 796). A single-visit session token that is not denominated in dollars — bought directly or gifted as a FlowCode — sits uneasily in that wording, though “amount” could conceivably be read as a stated quantity of services. Gifting itself does not change the analysis.

Key authorities: 15 O.S. § 797 (expiration, fees, exemptions); 15 O.S. § 796 (definitions); 15 O.S. § 798 (value held in trust)

Verify current Oklahoma law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Oklahoma. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Oregon

Oregon generally prohibits gift-card expiration outright. ORS 646A.276 makes it unlawful to sell a gift card that has an expiration date, that declines in value through the passage of time or lack of use, or that carries any card-related fee, including inactivity, maintenance, or service fees; a card whose balance falls below $5 after at least one purchase must also be redeemable for cash. The one path to a lawful expiration date is ORS 646A.278: a card sold for less than its face value may expire if the words “EXPIRES ON” or “EXPIRATION DATE” appear in at least 10-point type and the date falls at least 30 days after the sale.

The Oregon Department of Justice’s consumer guidance states the rule plainly — “unless they were sold at a discount, gift cards cannot have an expiration date.” On the escheat side, Oregon’s unclaimed-property chapter does not list gift cards as a presumed-abandoned property type, so unredeemed value generally remains with the issuer rather than passing to the state.

Does this law reach sessions? Oregon defines a “gift card” as “a prefunded record evidencing a promise that the issuer will provide goods or services to the owner of the record in the amount shown in the record” (ORS 646A.274). Services are expressly covered and the definition turns on a prefunded record rather than a dollar-denominated balance, so a prepaid single-visit session — purchased directly or gifted as a FlowCode — plausibly fits, with “amount” arguably read as one visit. The exclusions reach only phone cards, multi-seller cards, and prepaid transportation cards.

Key authorities: Or. Rev. Stat. § 646A.276; Or. Rev. Stat. § 646A.278; Or. Rev. Stat. § 646A.274 (definitions); Oregon DOJ — Gift Cards (consumer guidance)

Verify current Oregon law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Oregon. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania has no state statute limiting gift-certificate expiration, so the federal CARD Act’s five-year minimum for covered gift cards is the operative floor. Bills to add state-level rules — including a 2017–18 proposal to prohibit expiration dates and more recent small-balance cash-redemption bills — have been introduced but not enacted.

What Pennsylvania does regulate is unclaimed property. Under 72 P.S. § 1301.6(1), an unredeemed gift certificate or gift card is presumed abandoned two years after its redemption period expires (or three years from issuance when no period is specified) and becomes reportable to the state Treasury. The law exempts a “qualified gift certificate” — an instrument with no expiration date and no post-sale charge or fee of any kind, including service charges, dormancy fees, account maintenance fees, cash-out fees, replacement-card fees, and activation or reactivation fees. The practical effect is that issuing without expiration or fees keeps unredeemed value out of the escheat system entirely, while an expiring instrument can carry a reporting obligation once its redemption period lapses.

Does this law reach sessions? Pennsylvania’s gift-card definitions appear only in its unclaimed-property law, and both “gift certificate” and “gift card” require an instrument “issued in a specific prepaid amount” usable for the future purchase or delivery of goods or services (72 P.S. § 1301.1). A single-visit session token with no dollar denomination — bought outright or gifted as a FlowCode — fits that wording imperfectly, though the prepaid purchase price could be read as the “amount.” If covered, a no-expiration, no-fee product would be an exempt “qualified gift certificate,” while an expiring one could become reportable.

Key authorities: 72 P.S. § 1301.6(1) (presumption of abandonment; qualified-gift-certificate exemption); 72 P.S. § 1301.1 (definitions, incl. “qualified gift certificate”)

Verify current Pennsylvania law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Pennsylvania. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Rhode Island

Rhode Island flatly prohibits gift-certificate expiration. Under R.I. Gen. Laws § 6-13-12, it is unlawful to place an expiration date on a gift certificate, to limit the time for redemption, or to charge any surcharge or monthly or annual service or maintenance fee — and no certificate or related agreement may even contain language suggesting that an expiration date might apply. Sellers must keep a record of each certificate sold and give a numbered receipt for certificates over $50, and any balance under $1 left on a redeemed certificate must be returned in cash. Violations carry a fine of up to $200.

Because redemption is unlimited, the statute directs that the division of taxation “shall not escheat the funds paid for those unredeemed gift certificates.” Exemptions cover awards, loyalty, and promotional certificates issued without payment, prepaid wireless service, and bank-issued multi-merchant cards, and a separate section (§ 6-13-12.1) lets certificates donated for charitable fundraising carry an expiration date of at least one year from issuance if clearly labeled. A May 2024 amendment (P.L. 2024, ch. 43–44) added a refund-or-escheat rule for gift certificates issued by state-chartered institutions of higher education.

Does this law reach sessions? Rhode Island’s definition is broad: a “gift certificate” is “a record evidencing a promise, made for monetary consideration… that goods or services will be provided to the owner of the record to the value shown in the record,” expressly including stored-value cards, store cards, and “a similar record or card.” A prepaid single-visit session or a gifted FlowCode plausibly fits as such a record for services, though a token not denominated in dollars maps imperfectly onto “value shown in the record.” Sessions donated to fundraisers may instead fall under the one-year charity carve-out.

Key authorities: R.I. Gen. Laws § 6-13-12; R.I. Gen. Laws § 6-13-12.1 (donated gift certificates); P.L. 2024, ch. 43 (H 7509A, eff. May 31, 2024)

Verify current Rhode Island law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Rhode Island. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

South Carolina

South Carolina lets gift certificates expire, but not before the first anniversary of the date of sale unless the earlier date is disclosed on the front of the certificate in capitalized letters in at least ten-point font. A certificate whose expiration date does not conform to that rule expires on the first anniversary of the date it was issued or sold. Any condition that shrinks a certificate’s value over time — declining balances or fees charged against the balance — must be stated clearly on the certificate, its envelope or covering, or the purchaser’s receipt; a certificate sold without the required disclosure “may be redeemed at any time for the original value.”

The rule has been on the books since 2005 (Act No. 2) and appears unchanged in the current code. South Carolina’s Uniform Unclaimed Property Act does not expressly address gift certificates, though related instruments such as credit memos are presumed abandoned after five years.

Does this law reach sessions? The statute defines a “gift certificate” as a certificate issued or sold by a retail business that “entitles a recipient … to the delivery of goods or services,” and it expressly includes gift cards used the same way. There is no monetary-amount requirement and services are covered, so a prepaid single-visit session token — and especially a gifted FlowCode — plausibly falls inside the definition. Nothing in the text limits it to paper instruments or to items bought as gifts.

Key authorities: S.C. Code Ann. § 39-1-55; S.C. Code Ann. tit. 27, ch. 18 (Uniform Unclaimed Property Act)

Verify current South Carolina law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for South Carolina. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

South Dakota

South Dakota has no state statute limiting expiration dates on gift certificates or gift cards, so the federal CARD Act’s five-year floor for dollar-denominated gift cards is the operative backstop where it applies. What South Dakota does regulate is what happens to unredeemed value: under the state’s Uniform Unclaimed Property Act, a gift certificate unclaimed for more than three years after becoming payable is presumed abandoned, and the amount presumed abandoned is the price the purchaser paid.

The escheat rules come with a significant carve-out. Gift certificates and closed-loop prepaid cards that have no expiration date and carry no dormancy, inactivity, or service fee are exempt from the chapter entirely, and § 43-41B-42 shields such unredeemed instruments from any state claim. In practice, an instrument that expires or charges fees is potentially reportable to the state after three years, while a no-expiration, no-fee instrument stays outside the regime.

Does this law reach sessions? South Dakota’s unclaimed-property law lists “gift certificates” among intangible property without a standalone definition, and its closed-loop card definition covers devices “purchased or loaded on a prepaid basis for future goods or services” redeemable at a single merchant — wording broad enough to plausibly reach a prepaid session token or a gifted FlowCode. Because there is no consumer-facing expiration statute, the coverage question matters mainly for escheat reporting, not for whether an expiration date is lawful.

Key authorities: S.D. Codified Laws § 43-41B-15; S.D. Codified Laws § 43-41B-43; S.D. Codified Laws § 43-41B-42; S.D. Consumer Protection, “Gift Cards & Gift Certificates”

Verify current South Dakota law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for South Dakota. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Tennessee

Tennessee bars selling a gift certificate with an expiration date less than two years after issuance, prohibits issuance fees outright, and prohibits any service, dormancy, latency, or administrative fee that reduces redeemable value within two years of issuance (Tenn. Code Ann. § 47-18-127). A certificate sold without an expiration date “is valid until redeemed or replaced.” Exemptions cover promotional and loyalty certificates issued for free, certain below-face-value fundraising sales, and employer-to-employee certificates. For dollar-denominated cards covered by the federal CARD Act, the five-year federal floor controls — the CFPB determined in 2013 that a Tennessee provision letting issuers stop honoring cards was preempted and that covered cards must be honored for at least five years.

On the unclaimed-property side, Tennessee’s Uniform Unclaimed Property Act excludes “gift cards” — stored-value cards whose value does not expire and decreases only by redemption — from “property” altogether, while other stored-value cards are presumed abandoned five years after issuance or last owner activity, at net card value.

Does this law reach sessions? Section 47-18-127 never affirmatively defines “gift certificate” — it only excludes prepaid calling cards and open-loop cards usable at unaffiliated merchants — so the term carries its ordinary meaning, with no monetary-amount requirement and no admission or services carve-out. A gifted FlowCode looks like a classic single-merchant gift certificate under that reading; whether a session a customer buys for personal use is a “gift certificate” at all is less clear. Free promotional codes fall under the § 47-18-127(d)(1) exemption.

Key authorities: Tenn. Code Ann. § 47-18-127; Tenn. Code Ann. § 66-29-110; Tenn. Code Ann. § 66-29-102; CFPB, “Gift cards: clarifying the laws in Maine and Tennessee”

Verify current Tennessee law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Tennessee. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Texas

Texas permits expiration dates on gift cards and gift certificates but conditions them on disclosure. Under Business & Commerce Code chapter 604, an expiration date, fee, or other material restriction “must be clearly and conspicuously disclosed at the time the card is sold,” and disclosures about expiration or value-reducing periodic fees must be printed legibly on the card; a card sold without the required disclosure “is valid until redeemed or replaced” (§ 604.103). State law sets no minimum validity period — the Texas State Law Library notes the statute contains no restriction on how soon a card may expire — though the federal CARD Act’s five-year floor governs dollar-denominated cards it covers.

Unredeemed value has an escheat tail: a stored value card is presumed abandoned at the earlier of its expiration date or three years after issuance or last use, and the unredeemed balance becomes reportable to the comptroller (Property Code § 72.1016). Cards that never expire and carry no fees are excluded from both chapter 604 and the escheat provision.

Does this law reach sessions? Chapter 604 defines a “stored value card” as a record — including electronic records — evidencing a promise, made for monetary consideration, that goods or services will be provided equal to the value shown, prefunded and reduced on redemption, expressly including gift cards and gift certificates. Services are covered and the instrument need not be dollar-denominated on its face, so a prepaid session token or gifted FlowCode plausibly fits, though whether a one-visit token “shows a value” is open to argument. Free promotional codes are excluded (§ 604.002(3)).

Key authorities: Tex. Bus. & Com. Code § 604.001; Tex. Bus. & Com. Code § 604.002; Tex. Bus. & Com. Code § 604.101; Tex. Bus. & Com. Code § 604.103; Tex. Prop. Code § 72.1016; Texas State Law Library, “Can gift cards expire?”

Verify current Texas law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Texas. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Utah

Utah permits gift-certificate expiration dates, but only if they are disclosed in print — an undisclosed expiration date is simply void. Under the Utah Consumer Sales Practices Act, a supplier commits a deceptive act by issuing “a gift certificate, instrument, or other record in exchange for payment” to provide the bearer goods or services “in a specified amount” without printing, in a readable manner, any expiration date or fee information on the certificate, its packaging, or the record (Utah Code § 13-11-4(2)(v)). Subsection (4) supplies the teeth: a certificate that does not print an expiration date “does not expire,” and a fee that is not disclosed in print may not be charged or deducted. Cards usable at multiple, unaffiliated sellers are carved out so long as an expiration date is printed. Utah sets no minimum validity period of its own.

On the unclaimed-property side, Utah’s Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act expressly excludes “gift cards” — prefunded records usable at a single merchant or a specified group of merchants for goods or services — from escheatable “property,” so unredeemed closed-loop gift-card value is not reportable to the state; only cash-redeemable “stored-value cards” remain within the act.

Does this law reach sessions? Utah’s provision reaches any “gift certificate, instrument, or other record” issued “in exchange for payment to provide the bearer, upon presentation, goods or services in a specified amount.” It expressly covers services and is written around bearer instruments, which describes a gifted FlowCode closely; whether a single-visit session token states a “specified amount” — a quantity of services rather than a dollar balance — is untested. There is no admission or events exemption; the only carve-out is for multi-merchant cards.

Key authorities: Utah Code § 13-11-4(2)(v), (4) (eff. May 6, 2026); Utah Code § 13-11-4 (section page, Utah Legislature); Utah Code § 67-4a-102(21), (35), (41) (RUUPA definitions, eff. May 6, 2026); Utah Admin. Code R966-1-7, Gift Cards (reserved)

Verify current Utah law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Utah. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Vermont

Vermont requires the paid value of a gift certificate to remain valid for at least five years after issuance or the last load of funds, whichever is later (8 V.S.A. § 2702). The issuance and expiration dates must be clearly identified on the certificate’s face — or, for electronic cards, on the receipt or through a website or toll-free line — and a certificate “not clearly marked with an expiration date … shall be deemed to have no expiration date.” Unusually, expiration does not end the story: after the expiration date, the unused portion of the paid value must be returned to the holder if requested. Dormancy, latency, issuance, redemption, and other administrative fees are flatly prohibited (§ 2703), balances under $1.00 are cash-redeemable on demand, and violations are per se Vermont Consumer Protection Act violations.

On escheat, Vermont’s Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act excludes non-expiring, redemption-only “gift cards” from escheatable property, while other stored-value cards are presumed abandoned three years after issuance or last owner activity, at net card value (27 V.S.A. §§ 1452, 1466).

Does this law reach sessions? Vermont defines a “gift certificate” as a record evidencing a promise that “money, goods, or services will be provided to the holder for the value shown in the record,” expressly including electronic gift cards and store cards — services are covered and no dollar denomination is required, so a session token or gifted FlowCode plausibly fits. But § 2707(5) exempts “a season pass, a discount ski card, or a record sold for admission to any seasonal recreational activity,” which may reach prepaid admission at seasonal facilities like pools; year-round facilities fit that exemption less comfortably.

Key authorities: 8 V.S.A. §§ 2701–2710 (Gift Certificates); 27 V.S.A. §§ 1452, 1466 (Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act)

Verify current Vermont law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Vermont. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Virginia

Virginia permits gift certificates to expire but regulates how the terms are disclosed, and — as of July 1, 2025 — bans most fees. A certificate with an expiration date must carry either the date itself or a phone number or Internet address where the holder can learn it, clearly and permanently imprinted; certificates that diminish in value over time need the same contact-point disclosure (Va. Code § 59.1-531). The 2025 amendment (c. 629) added that no merchant-issued gift certificate may impose a dormancy fee, inactivity charge, or service fee, except certificates distributed free under an award, loyalty, or promotional program. Virginia sets no minimum validity period, so for dollar-denominated cards the federal CARD Act’s five-year floor is the operative limit where it applies. Violations are prohibited practices under the Virginia Consumer Protection Act.

On escheat, gift certificates unclaimed for five years are presumed abandoned — but certificates “redeemable in merchandise, in services, or through future purchases” are exempt from the unclaimed-property chapter, which removes most closed-loop retail instruments from reporting.

Does this law reach sessions? Virginia’s definition — “a certificate, electronic card, or other medium” evidencing consideration given “in exchange for the right to redeem … goods, food, services, credit, or money of at least an equal value” — expressly covers electronic media and services, with no dollar-denomination requirement and no admission carve-out. A prepaid single-visit session token or a gifted FlowCode plausibly fits that wording, whether bought for oneself or as a gift. Free promotional codes escape only the fee ban, not the disclosure rules.

Key authorities: Va. Code §§ 59.1-530 to 59.1-532 (Gift Certificate Disclosures); Va. Code § 59.1-531; Va. Code § 55.1-2515 (gift certificates; unclaimed property)

Verify current Virginia law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Virginia. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Washington

Washington generally prohibits expiration dates on gift certificates and gift cards. RCW 19.240.020 makes it unlawful to issue, or to enforce against a bearer, a gift certificate that contains an expiration date, any fee (including a service fee), or a dormancy or inactivity charge — a certificate “is valid until redeemed or replaced.” RCW 19.240.030 allows an expiration date in only two situations: certificates issued under an awards or loyalty program, and certificates donated to a charitable organization without anything of value given in exchange, and in both cases the date must be disclosed clearly and legibly. Remaining balances under five dollars must be redeemable in cash on demand.

On the unclaimed-property side, Washington’s stated intent is to relieve businesses of reporting gift certificates as unclaimed property; under RCW 19.240.080 an issuer is not required to honor a certificate presumed abandoned under chapter 63.30 RCW if it has been reported and delivered to the Department of Revenue. Certificate value is held in trust by the issuer, and an issuer in bankruptcy must continue honoring certificates issued before the filing. Legislative proposals in 2024 to escheat unredeemed gift-card balances to the state were not found to have been enacted.

Does this law reach sessions? Washington’s definition is unusually broad: a “gift certificate” is “an instrument evidencing a promise by the seller or issuer of the record that consumer goods or services will be provided to the bearer.” There is no requirement that the instrument be denominated in a monetary amount, and services are expressly included, so a prepaid single-visit session token and a gifted redemption code both plausibly fall inside it. The chapter’s stated exclusions (prepaid calling cards, bank-issued multi-merchant cards, loyalty-program awards, charitable donations) do not obviously reach a paid session purchase, whether kept or gifted.

Key authorities: RCW ch. 19.240 — Gift Certificates (full chapter text); RCW 19.240.020 — Unlawful actions (expiration dates, fees, dormancy charges); RCW 19.240.030 — Expiration date allowed, when

Verify current Washington law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Washington. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

West Virginia

West Virginia has no statute that specifically limits expiration dates on gift certificates or gift cards, so the federal floor is the operative baseline: under the federal CARD Act, gift certificates and store gift cards issued in a specified dollar amount generally may not expire earlier than five years from issuance or last load. State bills that would have restricted expiration (in the 2005–2006 sessions) were never enacted, and some published state-law tables still cite a West Virginia “gift certificate” provision that is in fact the code’s identity-theft article. Recent legislative activity has focused on gift-card fraud instead — a 2024 law requiring point-of-sale scam-warning notices, and a 2026 bill on crimes committed using gift cards.

The unclaimed-property angle matters for issuers: under W. Va. Code § 36-8-2, a gift certificate is presumed abandoned three years after December 31 of the year in which it was sold, and if it is redeemable in merchandise only, 60 percent of its face value is the amount deemed abandoned and reportable to the state.

Does this law reach sessions? Because West Virginia has no consumer-facing expiration statute, there is no state definition to satisfy — the question shifts to the federal rules, which cover certificates and cards issued “in a specified amount.” A session token denominated in visits rather than dollars, kept or gifted, fits that mold awkwardly. The escheat statute’s gift-certificate language likewise presumes a monetary “face value,” so how a single-visit credential would be valued for reporting is itself unsettled.

Key authorities: W. Va. Code § 36-8-2 — Presumptions of abandonment (gift certificates); NCSL, Gift Cards and Gift Certificates Statutes and Legislation (no West Virginia entry)

Verify current West Virginia law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for West Virginia. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Wisconsin

Wisconsin has no state statute limiting expiration dates or fees on gift certificates or gift cards — the state’s own consumer-protection agency (DATCP) says plainly that “although Wisconsin does not regulate the sale of gift cards, the federal government does.” That leaves the federal floor: under the CARD Act rules, most gift certificates and store gift cards issued in a specified dollar amount must remain valid at least five years, and dormancy or service fees are allowed only after a year of inactivity, at most once a month, with clear disclosure. A bill to write essentially those federal terms into state law with state enforcement (2025 Assembly Bill 894) passed the Assembly in February 2026 but died in the Senate that March.

Wisconsin is also one of the friendlier states for issuers on the unclaimed-property side: since 2021 Wisconsin Act 87, the definition of “property” in Wis. Stat. § 177.01(13b)(c) expressly excludes gift cards, stored-value cards, loyalty cards, in-store credit, and game-related digital content, so unredeemed balances are not reportable to the state.

Does this law reach sessions? With no state expiration statute, the definitional question in Wisconsin is federal: the CARD Act rules cover certificates and cards issued “in a specified amount,” and a session token denominated in visits rather than dollars fits that language uneasily, whether bought for oneself or gifted as a code. Wisconsin’s own “gift card” definition exists only inside the unclaimed-property law — where it operates to exclude such instruments (along with stored-value cards generally) from escheat, not to regulate their terms.

Key authorities: Wis. Stat. § 177.01(13b)(c) — “property” excludes gift cards and stored-value cards; Wisconsin DATCP, “Gift Cards” consumer fact sheet; 2025 Assembly Bill 894 (gift obligations) — failed to pass, March 2026

Verify current Wisconsin law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Wisconsin. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Wyoming

Wyoming has no consumer statute limiting expiration dates or fees on gift certificates or gift cards, so the federal floor — the CARD Act’s five-year minimum for certificates and cards issued in a specified dollar amount — is the operative baseline. The state’s only gift-certificate provision sits in its unclaimed-property act: under Wyo. Stat. § 34-24-114, a gift certificate, merchant stored value card, or credit memo is deemed abandoned only if the remaining balance exceeds $100 and it goes unredeemed for more than five years after issuance or the owner’s last activity, with the full remaining balance then reportable to the state.

The statute builds in a notable incentive: a certificate or card that has no expiration date and imposes no fees (beyond an initial charge up to face value) is exempt from the escheat section entirely. Balances of $100 or less never escheat at all. The most recent changes to the section found were repeals of subsections in 2015 and 2016; no 2024–2026 amendment was found.

Does this law reach sessions? Wyoming’s escheat act defines “merchant stored value card” as an electronic promise “issued in a specified amount,” purchased on a prepaid basis and honored by a single merchant for goods or services — a dollar-denominated framing that a session token denominated in visits matches only awkwardly. “Gift certificate” is left undefined, taking its ordinary meaning. Instruments distributed under loyalty or promotional programs, or sold below face value or donated, are excluded. Nothing in Wyoming law regulates expiration itself, so the analysis is the same whether a session is kept or gifted.

Key authorities: Wyo. Stat. § 34-24-114 — Gift certificates, merchant stored value cards and credit memos (Title 34, official LSO text); NCSL, Gift Cards and Gift Certificates Statutes and Legislation (no Wyoming entry)

Verify current Wyoming law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for Wyoming. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

District of Columbia

The District of Columbia has no consumer statute of its own limiting gift-card expiration or fees, so the federal floor — five years for gift certificates and store gift cards issued in a specified dollar amount — is the operative limit. What the District does have is one of the more issuer-relevant unclaimed-property regimes: under its Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act (enacted as D.C. Law 24-45 in November 2021), a “gift card” is presumed abandoned five years after the later of the date of purchase or its most recent use (D.C. Code § 41-152.07), and other stored-value cards are presumed abandoned at their net card value three years after issuance, deposit of funds, or the owner’s last indication of interest (§ 41-152.06).

The definitions do the real work: a “gift card” is a stored-value card whose value does not expire, may be decreased only by redemption, and cannot be converted into money — an instrument that carries an expiration date or fees falls instead into the general stored-value category with the shorter three-year period. Either way, unredeemed value is reportable to the District rather than retained by the issuer.

Does this law reach sessions? The District’s definitions are escheat definitions, not consumer rules. A “stored-value card” is a record promising that “goods, services, or money will be provided to the owner of the record to the value or amount shown in the record” — services are expressly covered, but a session token denominated in visits rather than a stated dollar value fits the “value or amount shown” language imperfectly. A gifted FlowCode raises the same question in the recipient’s hands: if these instruments qualify at all, a non-expiring session resembles a “gift card” and an expiring one ordinary stored value.

Key authorities: D.C. Code § 41-152.07 — When gift card presumed abandoned; D.C. Code § 41-152.06 — When stored-value card presumed abandoned; D.C. Code § 41-151.02 — Definitions (gift card, stored-value card, loyalty card, property)

Verify current District of Columbia law with your counsel before relying on any expiration setting for District of Columbia. Laws change; this summary reflects research current as of July 2, 2026.

Questions?

These summaries are maintained by FlowMoose and reflect research current as of July 2, 2026. If your counsel reads a state differently — or a law has changed — we want to hear about it:

FlowMoose, Inc.
Email: legal@flowmoose.com
Phone: (608) 960-9380